Miscarriage: Know the Symptoms, Causes and Prevention
Health
For information, there are two types of pregnancy, namely chemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy. New chemical pregnancy has been detected by hormones, but there is no pregnancy bag and definite signs yet. It's not a miscarriage.
Meanwhile, clinical pregnancy marked by late menstruation, positive test pack , and finding a pregnant pouch in the uterus during ultrasound. Well, miscarriage occurs in clinical pregnancy with the characteristics of bleeding and the pregnant pouch that becomes non-existent.
Usually, a miscarriage occurs in the first 3 months of pregnancy, before the gestational age reaches 12 weeks. A very small number of miscarriages are called stillbirths, and occur after 20 weeks of gestation.
In fact, sometimes a miscarriage can occur before a woman knows that she is pregnant. Then, what are the signs of a miscarriage, its causes, and how to prevent it?
Characteristics of miscarriage
In general, miscarriages are experienced by women whose gestational age has not reached 20 weeks. The appearance of blood spots during pregnancy does not always mean a miscarriage. Many pregnant women experience spotting early in pregnancy but give birth to healthy babies.The main characteristic of miscarriage is the presence of a very heavy menstrual flow. Usually, the mother does not realize that it is a miscarriage because she does not know that she is pregnant.
Other signs of miscarriage experienced by some women are:
- Bleeding
- lower stomach cramps
- Stomach pain
- Weakness
- Back pain that gets worse or worse
- Sometimes symptoms are accompanied by fever and weight loss
- White-pink slime
- Contraction
- The presence of tissue that looks like blood clots coming out of the vagina
- Fewer signs of pregnancy
However, to be on the safe side, Friends of Superblogseo can contact the Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist if you experience these spotting or other symptoms during your pregnancy, talk to your doctor.
Causes of miscarriage
Most people assume that miscarriage is caused by certain activities such as light exercise, sex, work (unless exposed to chemicals or radiation), and spicy foods. However, that is just a myth.Meanwhile, a number of things that cause miscarriage, namely:
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- The most common cause of miscarriage is that the fetus does not develop as expected due to chromosomal abnormalities.
Mother's health condition
In some cases, maternal health conditions can lead to miscarriage. A number of conditions that increase the risk of miscarriage are:- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Infections, such as HIV, rubella, toxoplasmosis, syphilis, gonorrhea, and malaria.
- Hormonal disorders, eg PCOS and thyroid
- Abnormalities or disorders of the uterus or cervix
- Autoimmune disease
Risk factors
In addition, a number of these factors also increase the risk of miscarriage, including:- Maternal age at pregnancy. Women older than 35 have a higher risk of miscarriage. The higher the gestational age, the greater the risk of miscarriage.
- Women who have had two or more miscarriages in a row have a higher risk of miscarriage.
- Women who have chronic conditions, such as uncontrolled diabetes, have a higher risk of miscarriage.
- Uterine or cervical problems. Certain uterine conditions or weak cervical tissue (incompetent cervix) can increase the risk of miscarriage.
- Smoking, alcohol and illegal drugs during pregnancy increase the risk of miscarriage.
- Underweight or overweight.
What happens during a miscarriage?
When a miscarriage occurs, the doctor will perform a pelvic exam and ultrasound to confirm a miscarriage. If the uterus is clear of fetal tissue, or it is still very early in the pregnancy, it is likely that the mother does not need further treatment.Sometimes, the uterus still contains the fetus or other tissue from the pregnancy so it requires a curettage procedure to remove the tissue from the uterus, also called dilation and curettage (D&C).
If left unchecked, the placental tissue that is left behind will develop into an infection in the uterus (septic miscarriage) which is characterized by fever, chills, lower abdominal pain, foul-smelling vaginal discharge .
Placental tissue that is still left in the uterus can cause bleeding so that the mother experiences anemia and shock.
If the miscarriage occurs at more than 20 weeks of age and the baby dies, the doctor may induce labor and delivery. After delivery, the doctor will examine the baby and the placenta to help find the cause of death if it is still unknown.
Women who have had multiple miscarriages will have tests to find anatomical, genetic, or hormonal problems that cause recurrent miscarriages.
Prevent miscarriage by maintaining pregnancy
Miscarriage is not what most mothers who are expecting their baby want. In most cases, miscarriage cannot be prevented because it is caused by a chromosomal abnormality or problems with fetal development.However, Friends of Superblogseo can do prevention by maintaining pregnancy through a healthy lifestyle. Good prenatal care can help both mother and baby stay healthy during pregnancy.
Mothers can perform prenatal care to reduce the risk of miscarriage by:
- Avoid known risk factors for miscarriage, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and drug use.
- Take a multivitamin every day.
- Limit caffeine intake
- Eat a healthy diet with lots of folic acid and calcium.
- Exercise regularly if your doctor recommends it
- Keep your weight under control
- Avoid activities that can make your stomach hit
- Learn family medical and genetic history
- Have regular prenatal checkups and discuss any issues with your doctor
To make it easier when you want to make an appointment with a doctor, make an online consultation appointment through the Superblogseo.web.id website.
Friends of Superblogseo can also take advantage of the telemedicine services owned by Superblogseo.
Hopefully this information is useful, yes!